Close observation can help you determine if your tree is dead. For example, if fungus is growing at the base of the tree, your tree may be decaying from the inside out. Other outward signs of a dead tree include vertical cracks on the trunk, damaged roots, and a failure to produce new leaves.

Another easy way to see if the tree is dead is to do a simple scratch test. Scratch a small section of bark to see if there is a green layer underneath. If the tree is green underneath, then the cambium layer—which helps the branches, trunk, and roots grow thicker—is healthy. If you do not see a green layer, that section of the tree may be dead. Check other spots on the tree to make sure that the entire tree is dead before deciding to cut it down.

If your tree is hollow, specifically more than 40 percent hollow, it’s considered high-risk and typically needs to be removed. However, it’s difficult to determine when hollowness reaches 40 percent. A certified State College arborist will be able to provide a tree health assessment and discern whether your tree’s hollowness is risky.

While these signs appear on many tree types, there are specific, telltale symptoms for different tree species.

When a tree dies, its root system starts to decay. As time goes on, the roots that anchor the tree into the ground weaken to the point that they are unable to support the tree. If the tree is not structurally sound, it can fall without warning. An unexpected fall can cause property damage or even bodily injury, so it’s best to remove a dead tree before it’s in danger of falling.

Dead trees also attract insects, such as carpenter ants, termites, and beetles. These pests may find their way into your home if the tree is nearby. Disease is another concern, especially for other plants on your property. If a tree died due to disease, the disease could spread to nearby trees or shrubs, so it’s a good idea to remove the tree quickly.